El Ministerio de Economía dd Argentina informó que el país registró en junio un déficit primario de 611.743 millones de pesos (2.185 millones de dólares), lo que implicó un incremento del 90,2% respecto al resultado negativo de junio de 2022.
En el sexto mes del año Argentina registró un déficit financiero por 708.603 millones de pesos (2.278 millones de dólares), con un alza interanual del 78,7%. En el primer semestre del año, Argentina acumuló un déficit fiscal de 1,88 billones de pesos (6.717 millones de dólares), frente a un saldo negativo por 755.976 millones de pesos (2.700 millones de dólares) en igual período de 2022, de acuerdo a datos del Ministerio.
En un comunicado, el Ministerio de Economía argentino atribuyó este resultado a los efectos de la sequía que padeció el país en los últimos meses, con una fuerte caída en la recaudación de tributos por exportación de productos agroalimentarios.
“En el primer semestre, se destaca el impacto de la sequía en la recaudación asociada a los derechos de exportación que percibe el Estado nacional”, señala el comunicado.
Según el acuerdo sellado en marzo de 2022 por Argentina y el Fondo Monetario Internacional (FMI), el país suramericano debe bajar este año su déficit fiscal primario al equivalente del 1,9% del PIB, desde el 2,4% del PIB en 2022.
Antecedentes. La gestión del presidente argentino Fernández inició con un déficit primario del 0,4% del PBI, al cierre de 2019. Al año siguiente, en medio de la crisis generada por la pandemia del Covid-19, la cual determino un fuerte incremento de los gastos extraordinarios para aplacar impactos negativas de este mal, el déficit primario se disparó al 6,4% del PBI.
En 2021, este déficit primario fue recortado al 3% ante la reducción de los gastos extraordinarios durante la pandemia y una optimización de la recaudación, que registró un crecimiento de 65,9% interanual. Sin embargo, esa baja no fue más pronunciada debido a la derrota del oficialismo en las elecciones Primarias, Abiertas, Simultáneas y Obligatorias (Paso).
Posterior a esa caída en esas internas partidarias, la vicepresidenta argentina, Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, reclamó detener la ‘política de ajuste fiscal’ que su propia coalición estaba ejecutando.
Esto marcó un cambio de rumbo en el gasto y en el déficit, que en diciembre de ese año llegó a marcar valores similares a lo registrado en los peores meses de la pandemia.
El gasto primario total pasó de 883 mil millones de pesos en agosto a 1.284.056 millones en diciembre de 2021.
En 2022, el gobierno acordó con el FMI metas de revisión trimestral entre las cuales se incluyeron valores de déficit primario acumulado, que fueron cumplidas en los dos primeros trimestres. Pero, desde junio, el déficit comenzó a despegarse del sendero deseado, un período que concluyó con la llegada del actual ministro Economía, Sergio Massa, quien tomó las riendas de esa cartera en agosto de 2022. Massa es el artífice de una política fiscal orientada a la reducción del déficit.
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