Las autoridades colombianas impulsan en el Congreso una reforma tributaria denominada ley de solidaridad sostenible, en medio de la crisis económica más difícil de los últimos 100 años. Sputnik consultó a un reconocido economista colombiano, quien analiza la reforma tributaria impulsada por el Ejecutivo de Iván Duque.
Desde la primera quincena de abril en Colombia no se habla de algo distinto a la reforma tributaria que el Gobierno de Iván Duque radicó ante el Congreso de su país. Un texto de 110 páginas que ejecuta un disparo al corazón de la clase media y trabajadora colombiana en medio de una pandemia que desató crisis económica sin precedentes.
La tasa de desempleo en febrero de 2021 fue 18,1%, 6,6 puntos porcentuales más que el mismo mes de 2020. La misma entidad sostiene que en Colombia hay 15,3 millones de ciudadanos que hacen parte de la clase media —el 33 % de la población—, con un núcleo familiar promedio compuesto por 2,5 personas, de las cuales cada una genera mensualmente entre 600.000 pesos (165 dólares) y 3 millones de pesos (829 dólares), según el Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística (DANE
Las medidas del Gobierno esperaban recaudar 23,4 billones de pesos (6.400 millones de dólares) a través de apretar las rentas de personas naturales, el aumento e imposición del IVA a diferentes productos —incluso de la canasta básica—, y el incremento en el pago de la renta de empresas.
Al ser tan detallados es del texto han desatado una tormenta en las redes sociales contra el ministro de Hacienda de Colombia, Alberto Carrasquilla, quien aspira a que el Congreso le apruebe:
- Un sobretasa a la gasolina.
- Gravar con IVA del 19% los servicios públicos desde el estrato 4.
- Gravar los servicios funerarios en momentos en que mueren en Colombia a razón de 300 por día solo de coronavirus.
- Autorización a las autoridades municipales para instaurar peajes dentro de las ciudades capitales.
- Obliga a pagar renta a partir de 2,42 millones de pesos mensuales (669 dólares).
- Incrementa al 43% el porcentaje de productos de la canasta básica que pagan IVA.
Las propuestas deberán ser tramitadas en el Congreso, donde el Gobierno Duque no tiene aseguradas las mayorías y crece un ambiente de animadversión con la reforma.
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